Kei te pāngia te mākete nekenekehanga iti o te ao e tētahi panonitanga nui, ā, kei te puta ake ngā kāreti korowha hei otinga whai hua mō te haereere poto i roto i ngā tāone. E arotakehia ana e tēnei tuhinga te whaihua o ngā kāreti korowha hei taputapu kawe waka i roto i te mākete o te ao, me te whakamahi i te tipu tere o te tono o te ao (kua eke ngā hokonga mākete o te ao ki te 215,000 waeine i te tau 2024, he nui ake i te 45,000 waeine i te tau 2020) me te ia o te koroheketanga o te taupori (ka eke te taupori o te ao neke atu i te 65 tau te pakeke ki te 1.3 piriona i te tau 2024, inā koa i Ūropi, Amerika Te Raki me ētahi wāhanga o Āhia).
1. Tātaritanga o te Hiahia Mākete
A. Ngā Hononga "Maero Whakamutunga" i ngā Hapori o te Hauāuru
- Ngā hapori reti: Hei tauira, kua whakamahia whānuitia e *The Villages* i Florida, USA, ngā kāreti korowha hei huarahi kawe matua. Ko ngā kāreti korowha te momo kawe pai rawa atu mō ngā kainoho o ēnei hapori nā te mea he tere, he haumaru, he iti hoki te utu.
- Te tūruhi me te kawe waka i te puni: He maha ngā wāhi hararei (pērā i a Sun City i Arizona) me ngā whare wānanga (pērā i te Whare Wānanga o California, San Diego) kua whakamahi i ngā kāreti korowha mō te kawe waka ā-roto me te kawe waka. E whakaatu ana tēnei ia i te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā waka kiato, kore-tukunga, ā, kua noho hei ia.
B. Ngā whai wāhitanga e ahu mai ana i ngā kaupapa here
- Te whakangāwari i ngā ture: I Texas me Florida, kua whakawhānui ake te kāwanatanga i te whakamahinga o ngā waka tere-iti (LSV) pērā i ngā kāreti korowha, e āhei ai rātou ki te haere i runga i ngā rori me te tere herenga o te 35 maero ia hāora, e hanga ana i tētahi taiao pai mō te rongonuitanga o ēnei waka.
- Ngā whakatenatena waka hiko: Ko te EU Green Deal me ngā ture waka kore-tukunga a California e hangai ana ki ngā āhuatanga taiao o ngā kāreti korowha, e tere ake ai te whakamahinga o ngā kāreti korowha i roto i ngā waka o te tāone.
2. Ngā Whakapai Ake i te Haumaru me te Whakatutukitanga
- Ngā āhuatanga haumaru whakarei ake: Hei urutau ki ngā hiahia o te haere o te tāone nui, he maha ngā waka korowha kua whakauruhia ngā hoahoa haumaru pēnei i te rama LED, ngā whitiki nohoanga me ngā anga whakapakari, e tutuki ana i te paerewa FMVSS 500, ā, ka taea te tiaki pai ake i te haumaru o ngā taraiwa me ngā pāhihi.
- Auahatanga pākahiko: Nā te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau pākahiko lithium kua tino whakapai ake i te whānuitanga o ngā kāreti korowha, e taea ai te tautoko i te 50-70 maero o te taraiwa mō ia utunga, me te tautoko i te pākahiko kaha nui ake, e whakaiti ana i te "manukanuka tawhiti" o ngā kaiwhakamahi.
3. Akoranga Take: Ngā Kāreti Korowha i Whakaritea mō ngā Tāone o Ūropi
A. Hoahoa Tāone Kiato
- Te Hanga Anō i te Tiriti Whaiti: I Barcelona, Pāniora, i whakamahia he whakamātautau o ngā kāreti korowha iti, 1.2 mita te whānui, hei tomo me te puta atu i te rohe hītori, ā, i tino whakaiti i te raruraru o te pūngao o ngā waka.
- Putanga Utauta: He kamupene kawe uta i roto i te Netherlands e whakamahi ana i tētahi kāreti korowha utanga kua whakaritea mō te tuku mōkihi "500 mita whakamutunga", e whakaiti ana i te whakamahinga o ngā taraka tīhiera mā te 40%, e penapena ana i te pūngao me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga, me te whakapai ake i ngā painga taiao.
B. Tauira Ohaurunga
I whakarewahia e tētahi kamupene reti waka i Rānana tētahi ratonga reti ia hāora mō ngā kaata korowha i ngā rohe iti te tukunga para, inā koa mō ngā tūruhi me ngā tāngata e haere ana ki konei, e whakarato ana i ngā kōwhiringa haere ngāwari me te matomato mō te kawe waka i roto i te tāone, e tino whakapai ake ana hoki i te haruru me te parahanga o te rohe.
4. Matapae mō te heke mai
E matapaetia ana e ētahi umanga, tae noa ki te tau 2030, e matapaetia ana ka eke te mākete kawe waka moroiti o te ao ki te US$500 piriona, ā, ka 15% o te wahanga mākete i roto i aua tāone iti me ngā hapori reti ka whakamahia ngā kāreti korowha.
Whakamutunga
He pai te heke mai o ngā waka korowha i tua atu i ngā papa korowha, he otinga kawe waka whai hua mō ngā tāone e pāngia ana e te hunga kua kaumātuatia me ngā tono taiao. Hei whakanui ake i tēnei pūmanawa, me arotahi ngā kaihanga ki te tutuki i ngā ture, te hanga ā-rohe, me te whakauru i ngā hangarau atamai.
Ka taea e ngā kaihanga te tīmata me ngā kaupapa whakamātautau i roto i ngā hapori reti me ngā pokapū tūruhi, me te mahi tahi me ngā tūāpapa tiritiri waka ā-rohe hei whakamahi i ēnei whai wāhitanga hei whakawhānui ake i te whakamahinga o ngā kaata korowha i roto i ngā waka o te tāone.
Te wā tuku: 27-Pepuere-2025
